Recent Hampshire College graduate Murial Barkley-Aylmer did her senior thesis on the porn debate in Northampton. Although she did not publish it or attack NoPornNorthampton publicly (a recent appearance on WHMP focused on a previous Northampton porn war), Adam Cohen of NoPorn has decided to publicly respond to "her" claims. (I put 'her' in quotation marks to distance myself from the suggestion that all of the claims Mr. Cohen criticizes are actually hers. Some of them are claims which she reports but does not clearly endorse; some are distortions of claims she appears to endorse; some are claims she does not mention at all.) In what follows, I present a point-by-point rebutal to Mr. Cohen's responses. I apologize for the length of this post.
"Secondary effects are a real and contemporary phenomenon." Remains to be seen. This is, of course, the most controversial part of NoPorn's platform. The experts disagree; the evidence isn't as strong as Mr. Cohen says it is; the courts permit cities to rely on flimsy, possibly irrelevant evidence. Saying that Andrew Shelffo and Bill Dwight are "breezy" when they disagree with NoPorn on this point is a dishonest, dodgy way of refusing to acknowledge the fact that there are experts in the field who find NPN's assertions to be without merit, derived from shoddy research. These experts include Daniel Linz, and Fulton County, Georgia. And since Mr Cohen is no more an expert in the fields of criminology, psychology, or urban planning than Bill Dwight, Andrew Shelffo, or I, I see no reason to trust his analysis over those of his competitors.
Also, Mr. Cohen does not cite a passage where Ms. Barkley-Aylmer denies that secondary effects are a real and contemporary problem, and I couldn't find a passage where she explicitly endorses this claim. Of course, other people have said this, or that secondary effects are not as severe as Mr. Cohen makes them out to be, and she reports that this has happened. But that's not the same thing. And Mr. Cohen's response reads in a way that strongly suggests that Ms. Barkley-Aylmer does deny the doctrine of secondary effects. That's dishonest.
"Dispersal zoning protects rich and poor alike." This is kind of a lie. Ok, it's totally a lie. Whatever may be going on in Dallas or Oklahoma City, as far as the City of Northampton is concerned, a porn store on the Highway Business district can be indefinitely large. If the doctrine of secondary effects is true, a large porn store in the Highway Business district would be extremely dangerous to that area. And contrary to what Mr. Cohen suggests, people do live in that area, though few people who are as wealthy as Mr. Cohen. Shifting large porn stores away from the wealthy neighborhood surrounding North St. and into the poorer neighborhoods near where King St. intersects with I-91 protects the rich and poor unalike. It protects the rich a great deal, and the poor not at all.
"Porn and adult enterprises create spaces where many feel unsafe." True but irrelevant. No one, especially not Ms. Barkley-Aylmer, says it doesn't. The relevant claim made by Ms. Barkley-Aylmer has to do with the so-called "porn wars" of the 1980s. Such leading feminists as Andrea Dworkin and Katharine MacKinnon teamed up with leading right-wing wackos to try to outlaw pornography. Testimony before various legislative bodies is collected in In Harm's Way, familiar to any regular reader of NoPornNorthampton. But these laws, when passed, backfired. They tended to be selectively enforced in a way that targeted the homosexual community and destroyed so-called "queer places," places where people whose sexual preferences placed them outside the heterosexual "norm" felt safe to be themselves.* This was a terrible tragedy, and should have taught us a lesson.
Mr. Cohen is confident that such a thing could never happen here. Northampton is a very liberal, very queer-friendly place. We have Smith College, we have Oh My! and Pride & Joy, we have an openly gay Mayor. But it wasn't always that way, and unless Mr. Cohen can see the future, he cannot guarantee that it will always be that way. We should therefore be very, very careful about the laws we make. We must be very careful that the laws we make cannot backfire or be used against us. To simply say, 'well yeah, but no one here would ever use this law that way,' is irresponsible and dangerous, as Dworkin and MacKinnon discovered. Mr. Cohen's linkdump doesn't address Ms. Barkley-Aylmer's actual point at all.
"Capital Video stores are unusually popular sites for high-risk sex." True but irrelevant, in two different ways. According to one of Mr. Cohen's favorite websites, Squirt.org, Capital Video viewing booths are unusaually popular sites for high-risk sex. Our store won't have viewing booths. Also, other popular places for high-risk sex in Northampton include the locker room at Universal Health and Fitness, approximately a half mile from Mr. Cohen's home; Child's Park, approximately a mile and a quarter from Mr. Cohen's home, and the Northampton Bike Trail, which was extended this summer and now runs through the woods directly behind his home. One wonders why Mr. Cohen isn't more up-in-arms about these unusually popular sites for high-risk sex. I have a hypothesis: Mr. Cohen doesn't care about high-risk sex except as an excuse to oppose Capital Video's proposed porn store. Instances of high-risk sex that are useless to further this goal are irrelevant to him.
"Like strong medicine, sexual liberation is a good thing that can be taken too far." I'm sorry, I don't know what he's talking about. Ms. Barkley-Aylmer doesn't say that sexual liberation is unlike strong medicine in that it cannot be taken too far. Nor has anyone else. No one (save Jerry Falwell) says that STDs are good, or that infidelity is totally awesome, or that family instability is good for kids. (Mr. Cohen also says that single-parent households are bad for kids, without citing a source. I'm no expert, but I'm not sure about that one.)
Mr. Cohen goes on to say that "Porn's celebration of promiscuity and short-term thinking are especially toxic in this regard." He cites no source, and I have no idea how to assess porn's "toxicity" with respect to infidelity or sexually transmitted infections. I am not aware of any study linking the viewing of pornography with infidelity (other than the viewing of pornography itself, which may be regarded as infidelity), and Mr. Cohen has not cited one. Mr. Cohen also fails to address mainstream films that celebrate promiscuity, such as all teen sex comedies. Teen sex comedies are extremely popular; the current #1 film at the box office is a teen sex comedy which celebrates promiscuity. And teen sex comedies target teens, whose ideas about sex are just forming, and who are especially vulnerable to influence. Where are the cries to zone against teen sex comedies?
And I would be very surprised to find that viewing pornography was related in any direct way to sexually transmitted infections, simply because I would expect that most of the sex directly resulting from pornography is--ahem--unaccompanied. So more evidence is necessary to support this point, Mr. Cohen.
"The fact that we support our positions with a great deal of evidence is not a strike against us." This is a misunderstanding of a point I've made here on MoPorn. I don't claim that Mr. Cohen has too much evidence, I claim that Mr. Cohen is so verbose, long-winded, and fond of providing support for his arguments and assertions with other of his (sometimes completely irrelevant) arguments and assertions, and that his "evidence" is presented in such a haphazard, disorganized, and repetitive manner, that it is often difficult to see just what his argument is supposed to be, or why we should think any of his premises are true. I'm not saying that he's wrong because he's verbose; I'm saying that his verbosity doesn't mean he's right. As he quotes me as saying , "there’s so much information on there that it is impossible to subject it to any level of scrutiny. You can’t read what they’ve written, and you can’t check their sources; there’s too much material. You can’t keep up with it." If that's not a legitimate criticism, I don't know what is.
Mr. Cohen has also fundamentally misunderstood my overall "position." If I am forced to state it, my position is this: that neither correlation nor timing implies causation; that anecdotes do not imply correlation; that arguing in a circle is bad; that well-designed, double-blind studies with control groups are good; that the results of poorly-designed studies that lack double-blind protocols or control groups should be regarded with suspicion; that the number of words you've found the time to write in your blog does not correlate with the correctness of your position; and that the howlings of a man who's scared to death that his new house is going to lose value should be regarded with skepticism. Those convictions, and not any pre-ordained ideas about pornography, its harms and benefits, or its effects on the community, lead me to find NoPornNorthampton wanting. Sorry, Adam. I just don't buy what you're selling.
Finally, a tangental nitpick: Mr. Cohen suggests that Ms. Barkley-Aylmer objects to NoPorn's overall position on the basis of their pants. This is not the case. Ms. Barkley-Aylmer mentions in her report that although Ms. Reiter always attended City Council meetings dressed professionally from the waist up, she was often wearing pajama pants which were out of view of the cameras. Ms. Barkley-Aylmer makes no attempt to connect this behavior to the overal veracity of Ms. Reiter's claims or those of her husband.
In closing, four of Mr. Cohen's "responses" are false or misleading, one is a lie, and two are true but irrelevant, and all were totally unnecessary.
*Ms. Barkley-Aylmer makes this claim and cites Duggan, Lisa and Nan Hunter. Sex Wars. New York: Routledge, 1995. pp. 70-71.